Tool for calculating logarithms with the logarithm function is denoted log or ln, defined by a base (the base e for the natural logarithm).
Logarithm - dCode
Tag(s) : Functions
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The definition of the natural logarithm is the function whose derivative is the inverse function of $ x \mapsto \frac 1 x $ defined for $ x \in \mathbb{R}_+^* $.
The natural logarithm is noted log or ln and is based on the number $ e \approx 2.71828\ldots $ (see decimals of number e).
Example: $ \log(7) = \ln(7) \approx 1.94591 $
Some people and bad calculators use $ \log $ for $ \log_{10} $, so make sure to know which notation is used. The dCode calculator always uses $ \log = \ln $.
Any base $ N $ logarithm can be calculated from a natural logarithm with the formula: $$ \log_{N}(x) = \frac {\ln(x)} {\ln(N)} $$
It follows that $ log_{a}(b) = \frac {\ln(b)} {\ln(a)} $ and $ log_{b}(a) = \frac {\ln(a) } {\ln(b)} $ are inverses
The neperian logarithm is the other name of the natural logarithm (with base e).
The decimal logarithm noted $ \log_{10} $ or log10 is the base $ 10 $ logarithm. This is one of the most used logarithms in calculations and logarithmic scales. $$ \log_{10}(x) = \frac {\ln(x)} {\ln(10)} $$
Example: $ \log_{10}(1000) = 3 $
The binary logarithm noted $ \log_{2} $ (or sometimes $ lb $) is the base $ 2 $ logarithm. This logarithm is used primarily for computer calculations. $$ \log_2(x) = \frac {\ln(x)} {\ln(2)} $$
Use the formula above to calculate a log2 with a calculator with only the log key.
Any logarithm has as for properties:
— $ \log_b(x \cdot y) = \log_b(x) +\log_b(y) $ (transformation of a product into a sum)
— $ \log_b \left( \frac{x}{y} \right) = \log_b(x) - \log_b(y) $ (transformation of a quotient into subtraction)
— $ \log_b (x^a) = a \log_b(x) $ (transformation of a power into a multiplication)
— $ \log_b(b) = 1 $
— $ \log(e) = \ln(e) = 1 $
— $ \log_{10}(10) = 1 $
— $ \log_b(1) = ln(1) = 0 $
— $ \log_b(b^n) = \ln(e^n) = n $ (inverse function of exponentiation)
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Logarithm on dCode.fr [online website], retrieved on 2024-12-03,