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Kaktovik Numerals

Tool to convert or write Kaktovik numbers. The Kaktovik Iñupiaq numerals are used in Alaska by Inuit peoples.

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Kaktovik Numerals -

Tag(s) : Numeral System, Symbol Substitution

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Kaktovik Numerals

Kaktovik to (Arabic) Numbers Converter

See also: Mayan Numerals

Kaktovik writer/Encoder





Answers to Questions (FAQ)

What are Kaktovik numbers? (Definition)

Kaktovik numbers or numerals (or Iñupiaq numerals) are a positional base 20 numeral system (with a sub-base of 5) used by Inuit/Inupiat peoples in Alaska and Canada.

How to write in Kaktovik numerals?

Start by converting the number to base 20 (see explanations on converting to base N).

Then replace each number (from 0 to 19) with the corresponding Kaktovik symbol:

Decimal
Value
UnicodeImage
0𝋀char(119488)
1𝋁char(119489)
2𝋂char(119490)
3𝋃char(119491)
4𝋄char(119492)
5𝋅char(119493)
6𝋆char(119494)
7𝋇char(119495)
8𝋈char(119496)
9𝋉char(119497)
10𝋊char(119498)
11𝋋char(119499)
12𝋌char(119500)
13𝋍char(119501)
14𝋎char(119502)
15𝋏char(119503)
16𝋐char(119504)
17𝋑char(119505)
18𝋒char(119506)
19𝋓char(119507)

Example: 123 is written $ [6, 3]_{20} $ in base 20 (car $ 123 = 6 \times 20^1 + 3 \times 20^0 $) so char(119494)char(119491) in Kaktovik.

Numbers can be grouped visually in groups of 5, which can simplify some calculations by hand.

How to convert a Kaktovik number into decimal?

To write a Kaktovik number in classic decimal representation, locate each symbol and replace it with the associated number (between 0 and 19) so as to obtain a positional numeration in base 20 which will still have to be converted into base 10 (decimal).

Example: char(119491)char(119489)char(119502) corresponds to [3,1,14] in base 20 so $ 3 \times 20^2 + 1 \times 20 + 14 = 1234 $ in decimal (base 10)

How to handle decimal numbers in Kaktovik?

Decimal writing uses the dot . to separate the integer part and the decimal part.

As the writing is in base 20, the first digit after the decimal has the unit $ 20^{−1} = 0.05 $, the second $ 20^{−2} = 0.0025 $ etc.

Example: char(119490).char(119493) corresponds to [2,.,5] in radix 20 and $ 2 \times 20^0 + 5 \times 20^{-1} = 2.25 $ in radix 10

How to do calculations with Kaktovik numbers?

Kaktovik arithmetic operations in numbers follow the classic rules (while taking into account position values in base 20).

However, Kaktovik symbols are very visual and allow you to quickly and easily perform additions and subtractions (and also some divisions), see the video here

For more calculations, there is a calculator application here

How to recognize a Kaktovik numerals? (Identification)

The digits of the Kaktovik Iñupiaq numeral consist of 0 to 5 vertical bars/strokes on the lower part (forming W) and 0 to 3 horizontal bars on the top part (forming 𝆒)

Any references to Inuit, Iñupiats or even Inuktitut are clues.

When were Kaktovik numerals invented?

The count was developed in 1994 in Kaktovik, a town in Alaska by a group of students.

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