Search for a tool

Trigrams

Tool to analyze trigrams appearance frequency in a message. A trigram is the association of 3 characters, usually 3 letters that appear consecutively in a message.

Results

Trigrams - dCode

Tag(s) : Cryptanalysis

Share

dCode and you

dCode is free and its tools are a valuable help in games, maths, geocaching, puzzles and problems to solve every day!
A suggestion ? a feedback ? a bug ? an idea ? Write to dCode!

Trigrams

Sponsored ads

Trigrams Frequency Analysis

Text to analyze

Allowed characters in trigrams

Letters (A-Z) only
Letters (A-Z) and digits (0-9) only
Digits (0-9) only
Only these characters:
All characters (including punctuation and symbols)
Standardization of letters (Ignore Upper-Lower Case and Diacritics)

Trigrams Parameters

Analyze

by Blocks (ABCDEF => ABC,DEF)
by sliding (ABCDEF => ABC,BCD,CDE,DEF)

Keep words borders (ABC_DE ≠ ABCDE)

Action

Compute Frequencies
Count Appearances
List missing letters/ngrams
Count triple trigrams (AAA, BBB, ...)
Monoalphabetic Decryption

See also: Frequency Analysis

Tool to analyze trigrams appearance frequency in a message. A trigram is the association of 3 characters, usually 3 letters that appear consecutively in a message.

Answers to Questions

How to analyse trigrams?

Trigrams (groups of three 3 letters) are used in some encryptions in cryptography. There are 2 main modes of appearance of trigrams:

- A trigram can appear when a single character (or a bigram) is encrypted by 3 characters.

Example: A can become 'BCD', or AB can become CDE

- A trigram can be derived from the encryption of another trigram

Example: ABC can become DEF

What are the most common trigrams in english?

The top 100 trigrams that appear in the english language are :

THE	1.87%	AND	0.78%	ING	0.69%	HER	0.42%
THA	0.37%	ENT	0.36%	ERE	0.33%	ION	0.33%
ETH	0.32%	NTH	0.32%	HAT	0.31%	INT	0.29%
FOR	0.28%	ALL	0.27%	STH	0.26%	TER	0.26%
EST	0.26%	TIO	0.26%	HIS	0.25%	OFT	0.24%
HES	0.24%	ITH	0.24%	ERS	0.24%	ATI	0.24%
OTH	0.23%	FTH	0.23%	DTH	0.23%	VER	0.22%
TTH	0.22%	THI	0.22%	REA	0.21%	SAN	0.21%
WIT	0.21%	ATE	0.2%	ARE	0.2%	EAR	0.19%
RES	0.19%	ONT	0.18%	TIN	0.18%	ESS	0.18%
RTH	0.18%	WAS	0.18%	SOF	0.18%	EAN	0.17%
YOU	0.17%	SIN	0.17%	STO	0.17%	IST	0.17%
EDT	0.16%	EOF	0.16%	EVE	0.16%	ONE	0.16%
AST	0.16%	ONS	0.16%	DIN	0.16%	OME	0.16%
CON	0.16%	ERA	0.16%	STA	0.15%	OUR	0.15%
NCE	0.15%	TED	0.15%	GHT	0.15%	HEM	0.15%
MAN	0.15%	HEN	0.15%	NOT	0.15%	ORE	0.15%
OUT	0.15%	ORT	0.15%	ESA	0.15%	ERT	0.15%
SHE	0.14%	ANT	0.14%	NGT	0.14%	EDI	0.14%
ERI	0.14%	EIN	0.14%	NDT	0.14%	NTO	0.14%
ATT	0.14%	ECO	0.13%	AVE	0.13%	MEN	0.13%
HIN	0.13%	HEA	0.13%	IVE	0.13%	EDA	0.13%
INE	0.13%	RAN	0.13%	HEC	0.13%	TAN	0.13%
RIN	0.13%	ILL	0.13%	NDE	0.13%	THO	0.13%
HAN	0.13%	COM	0.12%	IGH	0.12%	AIN	0.12%

For information/comparison, in French language it is:

ENT	0.84%	LES	0.77%	QUE	0.62%	EDE	0.61%
DES	0.56%	RES	0.43%	EST	0.42%	ELA	0.41%
EME	0.41%	ELE	0.41%	SDE	0.4%	ION	0.39%
LLE	0.38%	ERE	0.37%	TRE	0.37%	ESE	0.37%
ANT	0.37%	MEN	0.36%	OUR	0.35%	AIT	0.34%
DEL	0.33%	UNE	0.33%	NTE	0.32%	PAR	0.31%
EUR	0.3%	ESD	0.3%	TIO	0.29%	TDE	0.28%
IEN	0.28%	ESA	0.28%	ONT	0.28%	QUI	0.27%
SSE	0.27%	ANS	0.27%	ITE	0.27%	IRE	0.26%
SLE	0.26%	ESP	0.25%	CON	0.25%	SON	0.25%
ESS	0.25%	ONS	0.25%	NDE	0.25%	ECO	0.24%
TES	0.24%	ATI	0.24%	EQU	0.23%	DAN	0.23%
AIS	0.23%	IQU	0.22%	ETE	0.22%	TER	0.22%
CHE	0.22%	OND	0.21%	ELL	0.21%	IER	0.21%
RLE	0.21%	ESC	0.21%	TLE	0.21%	TEN	0.2%
PRE	0.2%	INE	0.2%	UEL	0.2%	EAU	0.2%
NES	0.2%	POU	0.2%	ILL	0.2%	URE	0.2%
ISE	0.2%	CES	0.2%	EET	0.2%	SQU	0.2%
SEN	0.2%	ETA	0.19%	OUS	0.19%	SET	0.19%
ESO	0.19%	ECE	0.19%	EPA	0.19%	NCE	0.19%
TOU	0.19%	SES	0.19%	DEC	0.19%	COM	0.19%
ONN	0.19%	NNE	0.18%	ERA	0.18%	REN	0.18%
NTD	0.17%	SER	0.17%	URS	0.17%	MME	0.17%
NTA	0.17%	ALE	0.17%	ETR	0.16%	OUT	0.16%
RAI	0.16%	RAN	0.16%	AIN	0.16%	RDE	0.16%

Source code

dCode retains ownership of the source code of the script Trigrams online. Except explicit open source licence (indicated Creative Commons / free), any algorithm, applet, snippet, software (converter, solver, encryption / decryption, encoding / decoding, ciphering / deciphering, translator), or any function (convert, solve, decrypt, encrypt, decipher, cipher, decode, code, translate) written in any informatic langauge (PHP, Java, C#, Python, Javascript, Matlab, etc.) which dCode owns rights will not be given for free. To download the online Trigrams script for offline use on PC, iPhone or Android, ask for price quote on contact page !

Questions / Comments

Improve the Trigrams page!

Team dCode likes feedback and relevant comments; to get an answer give an email (not published). It is thanks to you that dCode has the best Trigrams tool. Thank you.

Summary

Trigrams Frequency Analysis
How to analyse trigrams?
What are the most common trigrams in english?

Similar tools

Support

or

Forum/Livechat

Sponsored ads

Keywords

trigram,three,3,character,letter,substitution

Links

Source : https://www.dcode.fr/trigrams

© 2019 dCode — The ultimate 'toolkit' to solve every games / riddles / geocaches. dCode

Feedback

▲