Tool to analyze trigrams appearance frequency in a message. A trigram is the association of 3 characters, usually 3 letters that appear consecutively in a message.
Trigrams - dCode
Tag(s) : Cryptanalysis
dCode is free and its tools are a valuable help in games, maths, geocaching, puzzles and problems to solve every day!
A suggestion ? a feedback ? a bug ? an idea ? Write to dCode!
Trigrams
Sponsored adsTrigrams Frequency Analysis
Answers to Questions (FAQ)
How to analyse trigrams?
Trigrams (groups of three 3 letters) are used in some encryptions in cryptography. There are 2 main modes of appearance of trigrams:
— A trigram can appear when a single character (or a bigram) is encrypted by 3 characters.
Example: A can become 'BCD', or AB can become CDE
— A trigram can be derived from the encryption of another trigram
Example: ABC can become DEF
What are the most common trigrams in english?
The top 100 trigrams that appear in the english language are :
| THE | 1.87% | AND | 0.78% | ING | 0.69% | HER | 0.42% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| THA | 0.37% | ENT | 0.36% | ERE | 0.33% | ION | 0.33% |
| ETH | 0.32% | NTH | 0.32% | HAT | 0.31% | INT | 0.29% |
| FOR | 0.28% | ALL | 0.27% | STH | 0.26% | TER | 0.26% |
| EST | 0.26% | TIO | 0.26% | HIS | 0.25% | OFT | 0.24% |
| HES | 0.24% | ITH | 0.24% | ERS | 0.24% | ATI | 0.24% |
| OTH | 0.23% | FTH | 0.23% | DTH | 0.23% | VER | 0.22% |
| TTH | 0.22% | THI | 0.22% | REA | 0.21% | SAN | 0.21% |
| WIT | 0.21% | ATE | 0.2% | ARE | 0.2% | EAR | 0.19% |
| RES | 0.19% | ONT | 0.18% | TIN | 0.18% | ESS | 0.18% |
| RTH | 0.18% | WAS | 0.18% | SOF | 0.18% | EAN | 0.17% |
| YOU | 0.17% | SIN | 0.17% | STO | 0.17% | IST | 0.17% |
| EDT | 0.16% | EOF | 0.16% | EVE | 0.16% | ONE | 0.16% |
| AST | 0.16% | ONS | 0.16% | DIN | 0.16% | OME | 0.16% |
| CON | 0.16% | ERA | 0.16% | STA | 0.15% | OUR | 0.15% |
| NCE | 0.15% | TED | 0.15% | GHT | 0.15% | HEM | 0.15% |
| MAN | 0.15% | HEN | 0.15% | NOT | 0.15% | ORE | 0.15% |
| OUT | 0.15% | ORT | 0.15% | ESA | 0.15% | ERT | 0.15% |
| SHE | 0.14% | ANT | 0.14% | NGT | 0.14% | EDI | 0.14% |
| ERI | 0.14% | EIN | 0.14% | NDT | 0.14% | NTO | 0.14% |
| ATT | 0.14% | ECO | 0.13% | AVE | 0.13% | MEN | 0.13% |
| HIN | 0.13% | HEA | 0.13% | IVE | 0.13% | EDA | 0.13% |
| INE | 0.13% | RAN | 0.13% | HEC | 0.13% | TAN | 0.13% |
| RIN | 0.13% | ILL | 0.13% | NDE | 0.13% | THO | 0.13% |
| HAN | 0.13% | COM | 0.12% | IGH | 0.12% | AIN | 0.12% |
For information/comparison, in French language it is:
| ENT | 0.84% | LES | 0.77% | QUE | 0.62% | EDE | 0.61% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DES | 0.56% | RES | 0.43% | EST | 0.42% | ELA | 0.41% |
| EME | 0.41% | ELE | 0.41% | SDE | 0.4% | ION | 0.39% |
| LLE | 0.38% | ERE | 0.37% | TRE | 0.37% | ESE | 0.37% |
| ANT | 0.37% | MEN | 0.36% | OUR | 0.35% | AIT | 0.34% |
| DEL | 0.33% | UNE | 0.33% | NTE | 0.32% | PAR | 0.31% |
| EUR | 0.3% | ESD | 0.3% | TIO | 0.29% | TDE | 0.28% |
| IEN | 0.28% | ESA | 0.28% | ONT | 0.28% | QUI | 0.27% |
| SSE | 0.27% | ANS | 0.27% | ITE | 0.27% | IRE | 0.26% |
| SLE | 0.26% | ESP | 0.25% | CON | 0.25% | SON | 0.25% |
| ESS | 0.25% | ONS | 0.25% | NDE | 0.25% | ECO | 0.24% |
| TES | 0.24% | ATI | 0.24% | EQU | 0.23% | DAN | 0.23% |
| AIS | 0.23% | IQU | 0.22% | ETE | 0.22% | TER | 0.22% |
| CHE | 0.22% | OND | 0.21% | ELL | 0.21% | IER | 0.21% |
| RLE | 0.21% | ESC | 0.21% | TLE | 0.21% | TEN | 0.2% |
| PRE | 0.2% | INE | 0.2% | UEL | 0.2% | EAU | 0.2% |
| NES | 0.2% | POU | 0.2% | ILL | 0.2% | URE | 0.2% |
| ISE | 0.2% | CES | 0.2% | EET | 0.2% | SQU | 0.2% |
| SEN | 0.2% | ETA | 0.19% | OUS | 0.19% | SET | 0.19% |
| ESO | 0.19% | ECE | 0.19% | EPA | 0.19% | NCE | 0.19% |
| TOU | 0.19% | SES | 0.19% | DEC | 0.19% | COM | 0.19% |
| ONN | 0.19% | NNE | 0.18% | ERA | 0.18% | REN | 0.18% |
| NTD | 0.17% | SER | 0.17% | URS | 0.17% | MME | 0.17% |
| NTA | 0.17% | ALE | 0.17% | ETR | 0.16% | OUT | 0.16% |
| RAI | 0.16% | RAN | 0.16% | AIN | 0.16% | RDE | 0.16% |
Source code
dCode retains ownership of the online "Trigrams" source code. Except explicit open source licence (indicated CC / Creative Commons / free), the "Trigrams" algorithm, the applet or snippet (converter, solver, encryption / decryption, encoding / decoding, ciphering / deciphering, translator), or the "Trigrams" functions (calculate, convert, solve, decrypt / encrypt, decipher / cipher, decode / encode, translate) written in any informatic language (Python, Java, PHP, C#, Javascript, Matlab, etc.) and all data download, script, copy-paste, or API access for "Trigrams" are not public, same for offline use on PC, tablet, iPhone or Android ! Remainder : dCode is free to use.
Need Help ?
Please, check our dCode Discord community for help requests!
NB: for encrypted messages, test our automatic cipher identifier!
Questions / Comments
Thanks to your feedback and relevant comments, dCode has developed the best 'Trigrams' tool, so feel free to write! Thank you!